std::string str = "foo.pdf";
std::cout << str.substr(0, str.find_last_of('.')) << std::endl;
// foo
char buf[2] = { 0xfe, 0x07 };
unsigned int x = (buf[0] << 24); x = x >> 24;
unsigned int y = (buf[1] << 24); y = y >> 16;
unsigned int val = x + y;
unsigned int val_2 = buf[0] + (buf[1] << 8);
std:cout << val << std::endl; // 2046
std:cout << val_2 << std::endl; // 1790